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Oracle数据库RMAN的自动备份脚本简介
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各位同学知道Oracle数据库RMAN如何自动备份脚本嘛?下面我为大家整理了关于Oracle数据库RMAN的自动备份脚本文章，希望能为你提供帮助：
1、数据库设置为归档方式
2、数据库的备份脚本
db_full_backup.sh ：数据库全备脚本
db_l0_backup.sh ：数据库0级备份脚本
db_l1_backup.sh ：数据库1级备份脚本
：数据FTP上传脚本
ftp_del.sh ：数据FTP清理脚本
rman_bak.sh ：数据备份主程序
3、备份原理
每周1、3、6进行0级备份
每周日、2、4、5进行1级备份
备份文件上传到FTP服务器
FTP服务器每周清理一次，但是清理后将周六和周日的备份进行保留(6.bak和0.bak)
所有工作防暑crontab中自动执行备份
4、备份目录含义
arc ：数据库归档目录
rmanbak ：数据库备份文件的保存目录
rmanscripts ：数据库脚本存放路径
5、FTP目录
ftp上必须手动建立目录
L0：
---1
---3
---6
---6.bak
L1：
---2
---4
---5
---0
---0.bak
rman_bak.sh脚本主程序
#!/bin/bash
#--------------------------------------------
# Oracle auto backup using rman
#
# author:songrh
# week:1,3,6 Level 0 backup
# 2,4,5,0 Level 1 backup
# Copyright by ChenLong Tec
#--------------------------------------------
#
#
export ORACLE_BASE=/u02/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=/u02/oracle/product/9.2.4
export ORACLE_SID=PROD
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib
export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/network/jlib
export NLS_LANG=american_america.ZHS16GBK
export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
export ORA_NL33=$ORACLE_HOME/ocommon/nls/admin/data
export PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
export PATH=$PATH:/opt/local/bin
#
SH_PATH=/u02/rmanscripts
ARC_PATH=/u02/arch
RMAN_BAK_PATH=/u02/rmanbak
#
#FULL_PATH=$RMAN_BAK_PATH/full
L0_PATH=$RMAN_BAK_PATH/L0
L1_PATH=$RMAN_BAK_PATH/L1
#
#DAY_TAG=`date "%Y-%m-%d"`
LOG_TAG=`date "%Y-%m-%d"`
#FIRST_DAY=`date %e`
WEEK=`date %w`
#WEEK=1
#
# FTP configure
IP="122.120.150.155"
FTPUSER="ftpbak"
FTPPASS="******"
FTPROOT0="L0"
FTPROOT1="L1"
#
DISK_USE=`df -k |sed -n '/u02/'p | awk '{print $5}' |sed 's/%//'`
####check path function
############
if [[ $DISK_USE -ge 90 ]]; then
rm -rf $L0_PATH/*
rm -rf $L1_PATH/*
fi
if [ "$WEEK" = "6" -o "$WEEK" = "3" -o "$WEEK" = "1" ]; then
if [ ! -d $L0_PATH ]; then
mkdir $L0_PATH
fi
if [ "$WEEK" = "1" ]; then
rm -rf $L0_PATH/*
rm -rf $L1_PATH/*
mkdir $L0_PATH/$WEEK
$SH_PATH/db_l0_backup.sh $L0_PATH/$WEEK
cd $L0_PATH/$WEEK
$SH_PATH/ftp_del.sh $IP $FTPUSER $FTPPASS $FTPROOT0 $WEEK $WEEK_$LOG_TAG.log
else
if [ ! -d $L0_PATH/$WEEK ]; then
mkdir $L0_PATH/$WEEK
$SH_PATH/db_l0_backup.sh $L0_PATH/$WEEK
cd $L0_PATH/$WEEK
$SH_PATH/ $IP $FTPUSER $FTPPASS $FTPROOT0 $WEEK $WEEK_$LOG_TAG.log
else
;
Oracle数据库中rman备份脚本非常实用
查询字符集
SQL select * from nls_database_parameters;
NLS_CHARACTERSET
AL32UTF8
备份时字符集很重要，不然会出乱码
一、0级备份（全备）红色是要修改的，根据个人的存放位置。
[oracle@oracle122 script]$ cat db_bak0.rman
run
{
configure retention policy to recovery window of 8 days;
configure controlfile autobackup on;
configure controlfile autobackup format for device type disk to '/home/oracle/rmanbak/%F';
allocate channel ch1 device type disk format '/home/oracle/rmanbak/inc0_%d_%s_%p_%u_%T';
backup incremental level 0 tag='level 0' database skip inaccessible filesperset 10 plus archivelog filesperset 20;
release channel ch1;
}
allocate channel for maintenance device type disk;
crosscheck backup;
delete noprompt expired backup;
delete noprompt obsolete;
delete noprompt archivelog until time 'sysdate-30';
0级运行脚本
[oracle@oracle122 script]$ cat exec_0_level.sh
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=oracle122; export ORACLE_HOSTNAME
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app; export ORACLE_BASE
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1; export ORACLE_HOME
ORACLE_SID=orcl; export ORACLE_SID
ORACLE_TERM=xterm; export ORACLE_TERM
PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH; export PATH
PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATH
export DATE=$(date +%Y_%m_%d)
export NLS_LANG="Simplified Chinese_china".AL32UTF8
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/rman target sys/sys_admin cmdfile /home/oracle/rmanbak/script/db_bak0.rman log /home/oracle/rmanbak/script/log/rman_$DATE.log append
二、1级备份（增量）
[oracle@oracle122 script]$ cat db_bak1.rman
run
{
configure retention policy to recovery window of 8 days;
configure controlfile autobackup on;
configure controlfile autobackup format for device type disk to '/home/oracle/rmanbak/%F';
allocate channel ch1 device type disk format '/home/oracle/rmanbak/inc1_%d_%s_%p_%u_%T';
backup incremental level 1 tag='level 1' database skip inaccessible filesperset 10 plus archivelog filesperset 20;
release channel ch1;
}
allocate channel for maintenance device type disk;
crosscheck backup;
delete noprompt expired backup;
delete noprompt obsolete;
delete noprompt archivelog until time 'sysdate-30';
1级运行脚本
[oracle@oracle122 script]$ cat exec_1_level.sh
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=oracle122; export ORACLE_HOSTNAME
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app; export ORACLE_BASE
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1; export ORACLE_HOME
ORACLE_SID=orcl; export ORACLE_SID
ORACLE_TERM=xterm; export ORACLE_TERM
PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH; export PATH
PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATH
export DATE=$(date +%Y_%m_%d)
export NLS_LANG="Simplified Chinese_china".AL32UTF8
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/rman target sys/sys_admin cmdfile /home/oracle/rmanbak/script/db_bak1.rman log /home/oracle/rmanbak/script/log/rman_$DATE.log append
三、2级备份（从0级追加到现在的备份）
[oracle@oracle122 script]$ cat db_bak2.rman
run
{
configure retention policy to recovery window of 8 days;
configure controlfile autobackup on;
configure controlfile autobackup format for device type disk to '/home/oracle/rmanbak/%F';
allocate channel ch1 device type disk format '/home/oracle/rmanbak/inc2_%d_%s_%p_%u_%T';
backup incremental level 2 tag='level 2' database skip inaccessible filesperset 10 plus archivelog filesperset 20 delete all input;
release channel ch1;
}
allocate channel for maintenance device type disk;
crosscheck backup;
delete noprompt expired backup;
delete noprompt obsolete;
2级运行脚本
[oracle@oracle122 script]$ cat exec_2_level.sh
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=oracle122; export ORACLE_HOSTNAME
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app; export ORACLE_BASE
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1; export ORACLE_HOME
ORACLE_SID=orcl; export ORACLE_SID
ORACLE_TERM=xterm; export ORACLE_TERM
PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH; export PATH
PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATH
export DATE=$(date +%Y_%m_%d)
export NLS_LANG="Simplified Chinese_china".AL32UTF8
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/rman target sys/sys_admin cmdfile /home/oracle/rmanbak/script/db_bak2.rman log /home/oracle/rmanbak/script/log/rman_$DATE.log append
定时备份星期天为0级全备，星期三为2级备份，星期一，星期二，星期四，星期五，星期六为1级增量备份晚上11点开始备份
[oracle@oracle122 script]$ crontab -l
* 23 * * 0 /home/oracle/rmanbak/script/exec_0_level.sh
* 23 * * 1 /home/oracle/rmanbak/script/exec_1_level.sh
* 23 * * 2 /home/oracle/rmanbak/script/exec_1_level.sh
* 23 * * 3 /home/oracle/rmanbak/script/exec_2_level.sh
* 23 * * 4 /home/oracle/rmanbak/script/exec_1_level.sh
* 23 * * 5 /home/oracle/rmanbak/script/exec_1_level.sh
* 23 * * 6 /home/oracle/rmanbak/script/exec_1_level.sh
exp system/oracle@orcl buffer=1024 file=/home/oracle/backup/orcl.dmp full=y
exp test/test@orcl file=/home/oracle/backup/test.dmp owner=test
exp test/test@orcl file=/home/oracle/backup/student.dmp tables=(student,teacher)
exp 用户名/密码@远程的IP:端口/实例 file=存放的位置:\文件名称.dmp full=y
log=xx
imp demo/demo@orcl file=d:\back.dmp full=y ignore=y log=D:\implog.txt
imp test/test@orcl file=/home/oracle/backup/test.dmp
imp demo/demo@orcl file=d:\backup2.dmp tables=(teachers,students)
imp 用户名/密码@远程的IP:端口/实例 file=存放的位置\文件名称.dmp full=y
vi /home/oracle/fullbackup.sh
sysname='centos7'
syspath=/home/oracle/backup
v_date=$(date '+%Y%m%d%H%M%S')
logfile= {v_date}.log
echo backup_time {logfile}
echo "backup jcd" {logfile}
date '+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S' syspath/orcl${v_date}.dmp
exp system/oracle@orcl file= {logfile}
echo "end_time" {logfile}
gzip ${filename}
0 2 * * * sh /home/oracle/fullbackup.sh
